Halem, AsmaBougherara, Khemissi2018-10-312018-10-312018http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/6016Modern literature is usually viewed as secular. This view is based on assumptions proposed by a waning secularization thesis which argues that advancement in modernity will lead to the displacement of religion. Against this scholarship, there has recently been a resurgence of interest in religion and secularism among literary critics. The post-secular literary studies enabled reengagement with religion in works that were perceived to be secular. For twentieth century modernists, religious frameworks continue to be attractive. They have ambivalent attitudes to both religion and secularism which permits a secular reading of their works. By focusing on the secular and religious dichotomy, post-secular studies run the risk of maintaining the boundaries it set to deconstruct. This research proposes the introduction of a third element. The focus of this research is the concept of Evil in its relationship to both secularism and religion. This research, through literature review, critical analysis, as well as symbolic and hermeneutical reading, aims to engage the notion of secularism, religion and evil in the novel of Demian (1919) by Hermann Hesse, and the poems of Wallace Stevens namely "Sunday Morning" and Esthétique du Mal." This research concludes that Evil plays as both an agent and a challenge to secularism.enReligionSecularismWallace StevensOther