Browsing by Author "Bekhouche, Naima"

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    Cell biology
    (University of Oum El Bouaghi, 2025) Bekhouche, Naima
    All living things on Earth are made up of cells. The cell is the simplest unit of an organism, and the vast majority of life on Earth. It consists of single-celled microbes. Each cell is like a chemical factory of astonishing complexity, and we have only begun to unravel the mysteries of its inner workings in the past 50 years or so, using modern techniques such as microscopy, biochemistry, and molecular biology. In this the publication, as its title suggests, contains various topics related to the Directed Work course for Cell Biology, which is taught in the first years of the Common Core Biology. The publication contains six directed works. The first directed work includes methods of studying the cell, which in turn is divided into four orientation sessions. The first of these includes light and electron microscopy techniques, while the second session includes Techniques for studying cells and their components or Histochemical and Cytochemical methods While the third includes cell components separation "Cellular fragmentation «The fourth orientation session is about microscopic techniques for studying cells. The second orientation session is titled: Chromatography and its types. The third directed work included the study of animal tissues in one-session and plant tissues in another guidance session. The fourth directed work was the cell wall, its structure, role and how it is formed. The fifth directed work was entitled Protein synthesis in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Finally, the sixth directed work is the study of the makers. And finally The works conclude This printable contains a series of questions of various styles. In the form of exercises, its aim is to renew the student’s mind-set – or the reader in general – and to arouse in him the desire to discuss, recall and review topics. And it is a paragraph These questions are very important to measure the student's level of understanding and comprehension of the content of the topics presented.I have tried to include in this publication many of the basic and necessary concepts and information, but not all of them that a first-year university student in the common core biology course studying the cell biology course should be familiar with, so that it will be a suitable reference for him. I have also tried to have this reference written in an easy and smooth style and with a clear presentation, far from complexity. I have relied on attaching each directed work with figures and documents to consolidate the concept of what I am explaining. I hope you are my destiny this publication is for the university library and its students... and my utmost hope is that it will be a modest scientific addition that will raise its levels to benefit all people.
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    Etude phytochimiqueet evaluation de l' activite antibacterienne de deux varietes de l' olivie olea europeae L.
    (Université d'Oum El Bouaghi, 2021-12-13) Nebbache, Saloua; Samai, Ibtissam; Bekhouche, Naima
    Les substances naturelles végétales se caractérisent par des activité s biologiques diverses. Dans ce travail notre étude a porté sur les caractères phytochimiques de deux variétés d'olives (Olea Europeae.) d' origines diverses: introduites et localesavec une comparaisonentre ces deux variétés différentespar une étude qualitative des métabolites secondaires et leur pouvoir antibactérien. Ce travail est une contribution à l'étude d' activités biologiques de certains mé tabolites secondaires de deux variétés de la plante oleaeuropeaissues de la région de Skikda (Algérie) et de l' Italie. Les feuilles étant soumises à deux types d' extraction, macération dans le méthanol (70%) et par la chromatographie sur couchemince (C.C.M). Les résultats ont indiqués la présencedes métabolites secondaires suivants: Flavonoides, Tanins, Alcaloides, Saponosides, Sté rols et Stéroïdes, Anthraquinones et Quinones, Anthocyanes, Coumarines. L'activité antibactérienne a été réalisée par la méthode de diffusion sur disques sur troissouches bactériennes. Les résultats obtenus montrent que l' extrait d' Olea Europeaeinhibe les bactéries avec une variation selon les souches test é es. Une large variabilité est enregistré e entre les variétés. En outre les résultats obtenus montrent que la variété locale Sigoise est plus riche en métabolites secondaires. Ces résultats soulignent également le rôle important des métabolites secondaires dans la dé fense biologique antibactérienne.
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    General ecology
    (University of Oum El Bouaghi, 2025) Bekhouche, Naima
    It ismypleasure to present to the dearstudentsat the universitylevel, alongwith all researchers and thoseinterested in the subject of the environment, the fruit of the modest effort represented by this publication, whichis the juice of scientificexperiencethatextends for more thantenyears in teachingthisuniversitycourse.Thestudy of ecology and the problemsassociatedwithit and masteringitsunderstanding and awarenesstowardsit , has becomenecessary for the universitystudent, as heis the strongest candidate to lead the environmentalawarenessprocess in society, sothisworkrepresents an attempt to understand and convince the reader , whether a universitystudent or not, of the fundamental importance of the environment and the greatness of the services itprovides to all humanity on the one hand and the seriousness of the problemswe cause to it on the other hand. Our publication includes a collection of intensive directedworks to help the student. It deals with the most important basics of ecology, not all of them, due to the lack of time allocated for the second semester. We have presentedmost of themextensively, in answer to questions, and weleft the details and expansion of the enrichment of the material for the student's self-readings. In the latest publication, we have proven the referencesthatwe have adopted in itspreparation, and webelievethatthey are useful for enrichinghis information. Immediatelyafterthis introduction, the studentlearns about ecology : its concept, whatitstudies, its importance at the moment, and itsrelationshipwithother sciences. He will know whywe care about the environment and the need to preserveit. He willbewellacquaintedwith the meaning and concept of the environment, its components, and its divisions. It learns about the environment of groups, whattheymean, their concept. To complete the topics of ecology and group ecology, the studentwilllearn about the biosphere, the " environment of life" and its living and non-living components, and biogeochemical cycles. The natural, permanent, renewable and non-renewableresources of the environment, and in connectionwith the last task (sustainability of naturalresources), the studentwilllearn about the ecosystem, the biosynthesis of naturalecosystems, living organisms, food cycles and relationships . He willalsolearn about environmentalfactors, their living and living divisions, including : heat, light, water, soil and its components, in addition to the determiningfactors, and endurance levels. Eachguidedwork of this publication ends with a series of questions of various styles in the form of calendars, the purpose of whichis to renew the mindset of the student – or the reader in general – and to stimulate the desire for discussion and recall and review of topics. This question paragraphisvery important to gauge the student'slevel of understanding and comprehension of the content of the topicspresented. Of course, suchtopics continue to raise more scientific questions thanthoselistedhere. I hopethatmyshare of this publication willbe for the universitylibrary and itsstudents. Myhopeisthatitwillbe a modestscientific addition thatwillimproveitsdegrees for the benefit of all people.
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    Recherche et identification de quelques plantes d' interet medicinale et ecologique dans la region ain chadjra (oum el bouaghi, algerie)
    (Université d'Oum El Bouaghi, 2021-10-13) Bekhouche, Naima; Khiel, Saida; Allaoua, Noua; Nebbache, Saloua
    Les plantes médicinales possèdent une importance médicale et économique énorme parce que la majorité des produits pharmaceutiques sont d'origine végétale. D'autre part, les plantes médicinales avec leurs rôle significatif, ont augment és leurs valeurs scientifiques c'est pourquoi plusieurs recherches ont été établis dont le but est connaître l'avantage et l'intérêt d'utilisation de ces plantes. Dans notre recherche, on a fait une étude statistique des types des plantes sauvages médicinales et sauvages médicinales et leurs usages dans la région de Ain Chadjra (Forn Zgag) wilaya d' oum el bouaghi et qui fait partie des régions semi-arides du Est-Algérien (entre mars et mais 2021). À travers la collection des espaces végétale échantillonné es, on a classé et identifier les espèces d'intérêt médicales soit commun ou local, Alors on a compté 42 espèces classé en 18 familles, et dont 21 espè ce font partie des plantes médicinales ré parties sur 12 familles répandus dans la région et avec des utilisations internes et d'autres externes. On a noté également la grandeur présence de six esp è ces appartenant à famille de Lamiaceae le plus important c'est Le Romarin (Murrubium vulgare 1. Rosmarinus sp. Salvia verbenacal, Thymus vulgaris 1. Teucrim sp, Marrubium alysson I, et aussi quatres espèces de la famille de Compositea (Artemisia maritima, Matricaria sp. Artemisia campestri, Carthamus lanatus I), alors que le reste des familles ne sont pas très fréquents. Notre étude est basé sur l'analyse botanique de ces espaces qui présentent des caractéristiques biologiques, morphologiques et mê me bio-géographiques, ainsi leur ré partition dans la région d'étude avec la précision de leurs caractéristiques médicinales et leur usages traditionnels pratiqué s permis les quels on cite la toux, les douleurs de l'estomac, les douleurs abdominales, l'ané mie et la cicatrisation des blessures. Cet inventaire est la continuité de différents travaux réalisés dans la région d' Oum el Bouaghi.