العلوم الدقيقة وعلوم الطبيعة والحياة

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Browsing العلوم الدقيقة وعلوم الطبيعة والحياة by Author "Bekhouche, Naima"

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    Cell biology
    (University of Oum El Bouaghi, 2025) Bekhouche, Naima
    All living things on Earth are made up of cells. The cell is the simplest unit of an organism, and the vast majority of life on Earth. It consists of single-celled microbes. Each cell is like a chemical factory of astonishing complexity, and we have only begun to unravel the mysteries of its inner workings in the past 50 years or so, using modern techniques such as microscopy, biochemistry, and molecular biology. In this the publication, as its title suggests, contains various topics related to the Directed Work course for Cell Biology, which is taught in the first years of the Common Core Biology. The publication contains six directed works. The first directed work includes methods of studying the cell, which in turn is divided into four orientation sessions. The first of these includes light and electron microscopy techniques, while the second session includes Techniques for studying cells and their components or Histochemical and Cytochemical methods While the third includes cell components separation "Cellular fragmentation «The fourth orientation session is about microscopic techniques for studying cells. The second orientation session is titled: Chromatography and its types. The third directed work included the study of animal tissues in one-session and plant tissues in another guidance session. The fourth directed work was the cell wall, its structure, role and how it is formed. The fifth directed work was entitled Protein synthesis in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Finally, the sixth directed work is the study of the makers. And finally The works conclude This printable contains a series of questions of various styles. In the form of exercises, its aim is to renew the student’s mind-set – or the reader in general – and to arouse in him the desire to discuss, recall and review topics. And it is a paragraph These questions are very important to measure the student's level of understanding and comprehension of the content of the topics presented.I have tried to include in this publication many of the basic and necessary concepts and information, but not all of them that a first-year university student in the common core biology course studying the cell biology course should be familiar with, so that it will be a suitable reference for him. I have also tried to have this reference written in an easy and smooth style and with a clear presentation, far from complexity. I have relied on attaching each directed work with figures and documents to consolidate the concept of what I am explaining. I hope you are my destiny this publication is for the university library and its students... and my utmost hope is that it will be a modest scientific addition that will raise its levels to benefit all people.
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    General ecology
    (University of Oum El Bouaghi, 2025) Bekhouche, Naima
    It ismypleasure to present to the dearstudentsat the universitylevel, alongwith all researchers and thoseinterested in the subject of the environment, the fruit of the modest effort represented by this publication, whichis the juice of scientificexperiencethatextends for more thantenyears in teachingthisuniversitycourse.Thestudy of ecology and the problemsassociatedwithit and masteringitsunderstanding and awarenesstowardsit , has becomenecessary for the universitystudent, as heis the strongest candidate to lead the environmentalawarenessprocess in society, sothisworkrepresents an attempt to understand and convince the reader , whether a universitystudent or not, of the fundamental importance of the environment and the greatness of the services itprovides to all humanity on the one hand and the seriousness of the problemswe cause to it on the other hand. Our publication includes a collection of intensive directedworks to help the student. It deals with the most important basics of ecology, not all of them, due to the lack of time allocated for the second semester. We have presentedmost of themextensively, in answer to questions, and weleft the details and expansion of the enrichment of the material for the student's self-readings. In the latest publication, we have proven the referencesthatwe have adopted in itspreparation, and webelievethatthey are useful for enrichinghis information. Immediatelyafterthis introduction, the studentlearns about ecology : its concept, whatitstudies, its importance at the moment, and itsrelationshipwithother sciences. He will know whywe care about the environment and the need to preserveit. He willbewellacquaintedwith the meaning and concept of the environment, its components, and its divisions. It learns about the environment of groups, whattheymean, their concept. To complete the topics of ecology and group ecology, the studentwilllearn about the biosphere, the " environment of life" and its living and non-living components, and biogeochemical cycles. The natural, permanent, renewable and non-renewableresources of the environment, and in connectionwith the last task (sustainability of naturalresources), the studentwilllearn about the ecosystem, the biosynthesis of naturalecosystems, living organisms, food cycles and relationships . He willalsolearn about environmentalfactors, their living and living divisions, including : heat, light, water, soil and its components, in addition to the determiningfactors, and endurance levels. Eachguidedwork of this publication ends with a series of questions of various styles in the form of calendars, the purpose of whichis to renew the mindset of the student – or the reader in general – and to stimulate the desire for discussion and recall and review of topics. This question paragraphisvery important to gauge the student'slevel of understanding and comprehension of the content of the topicspresented. Of course, suchtopics continue to raise more scientific questions thanthoselistedhere. I hopethatmyshare of this publication willbe for the universitylibrary and itsstudents. Myhopeisthatitwillbe a modestscientific addition thatwillimproveitsdegrees for the benefit of all people.